those

those
/ðóuz/ 〔指示代名詞の1つ; thatの複数形〕
〖代〗
I形容詞用法; 言語外照応的
1 《◆空間的・心理的・時間的に話し手から遠いものをさして》
a [名詞の前で] それらの, その; あれらの, あの(cf. ⇒ these )《◆複数のものをさしていう語; 訳すときは「あの」「その」とした方が自然な場合が多い》

Look at ~ girls in the garden. 庭にいるあの女の子たちを見てごらん

There were no televisions in Japan in ~ days. そのころ日本にはテレビはなかった.

b あの, 例の《◆感情的な含みを持つ》

Tthosé néighbors! あの隣りの人たちときたら

Have you properly provided for ~ children of yours and that little wife? あなたはお子さんとあのかわいらしい奥さんをきちんと養ってきましたか.

II形容詞的用法; 言語内照応的
2
a [後方照応的] [those A who [which]] (…する)そのA《◆(1) Aは複数の人・物. (2) thoseの指示性は強くない; 単に関係節が続くことを示す》

T~ students who came late to school were scolded by the teacher. 学校に遅刻した生徒たちは先生にしかられた

~ toys which return to an upright position no matter how often they are pushed over 何度倒してもまっすぐ起き直るあのおもちゃ.

b [前方照応的] (すでに述べたことを受けて)それらの, その

We can see ten students over there. I know three of ~ students. 向うに10人の学生が見えます. 私はそのうちの3人を知っています.

III独立用法; 言語外照応的
3 それ(ら)あれ(ら), それらの物[人](cf. ⇒ these )《◆複数でも訳は通例「それ」「あれ」となる》

T~ are my sisters. あれが私の妹たちです

I'll táke thosé. あれをいただきましょう

T~ were good old days. 古きよき時代の話さ《◆昔を懐しんでいう言葉》.

IV独立用法; 言語内照応的
4 [前方照応的]
a [反復の代名詞として] (…の)それ(ら); (…の)人たち《◆(1)前出の限定された名詞(複数形)や時に総称の単数名詞の代りに用い, 後に修飾語句を伴うことが多い. (2) ((略式))ではthe onesをよく用いる; ただしthe ones of句は((まれ))でthose of … とする》

The mountains of Greece are less thickly wooded than ~ [((まれ)) the ones] of Britain. ギリシアの山は英国の山より木が少ない

The girls I saw there were older than ~ you were dancing with. そこで見た女の子は君が一緒に踊っていた女の子たちよりも老けていた

We picked the coolest apartment among ~ [the ones] available. 私たちは入居できるアパートの中から一番涼しいところを選んだ

Your food and wine are better than ~ [xthe ones] in that restaurant. お宅の料理とワインはあのレストランのよりおいしい《◆2つ以上の〖U〗名詞の代用をする場合はthe onesは不可》.

b [be動詞の主語として] (前に述べた)これらのこと

“Thanks, Ollie. ” T~ were her last words. 「ありがとう, オリー」. この言葉が彼女の最後の言葉であった.

c [theseと対照して] 前者(the former)《◆thoseより前で用いられるtheseが「前者」と受け取られかねないので, the formerとthe latterを用いた方がよい; cf. ⇒ that1〖代〗11 》

Dogs are more faithful animals than cats; these attach themselves to places, and ~ to persons. 犬は猫より忠実な動物である. 後者(猫)は場所に愛着をもつが, 前者(犬)は人に愛着をもつ. V [非照応的; 総称用法

5 [those who … ] (…する)人たち《◆(1) who節中の動詞がbe動詞の場合はwhoと動詞は省略されることがある. (2) これに対する単数の表現は((古)) he who … (xthat who... は不可)であるが, 一般にはanyone [anybody, the person] who … 》

T~ who are lazy will never pass. 怠け者は決して合格しない

The happiest people are ~ whose work interests them. 最も幸せな人というのは自分の仕事に興味を持つ人である.


English-Japanese dictionary. 2013.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Those — Those, pron. [OE. [thorn]os, [thorn]as, AS. [eth][=a]s, nom. and acc. pl. of [eth][=e]s this. See {This}, and cf. {These}.] The plural of that. See {That}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • those — [ðəuz US ðouz] the plural of ↑that …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • those — [ ðouz ] function word *** the plural of that …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • those — Midlands and southern variant of O.E. þas, nominative and accusative plural of þes, þeos this (see THIS (Cf. this)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • those — [thōz] pron., adj. [ME thas, thos < OE thas, thæs, pl. of thes,THIS] pl. of THAT …   English World dictionary

  • those — ♦ (The determiner is pronounced [[t]ðoʊz[/t]]. The pronoun is pronounced [[t]ðo͟ʊz[/t]].) 1) DET: DET pl n You use those to refer to people or things which have already been mentioned. Theoretically he had control over more than $400 million in… …   English dictionary

  • those — an·or·those; pyo·xan·those; those; …   English syllables

  • those —   Kēlā mau; ua … lā.     Those of that place, kō laila.     Those books, kēlā mau puke …   English-Hawaiian dictionary

  • those — Etymology: Middle English, from those these, from Old English thās, plural of thes this more at this plural of that …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • those — /dhohz/, pron., adj. pl. of that. [1300 50; ME those, thoos, thas(e), var. of tho (ME, OE tha), pl. of THAT, by association with ME thees, thas(e) (OE thas), pl. of THIS] …   Universalium

  • those — [OE] Originally, those was the plural of this. It did not move across to that until the Middle English period, gradually replacing its previous plural thō. The game of musical chairs was completed by these, which was a new formation based on this …   The Hutchinson dictionary of word origins

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